Montessori’s philosophy is that the child is a small person and that the purpose of growth is to realize himself. The child’s activities are about improving their potential personality and are based on belief in the self-study of human intelligence.
The system is basically resting on 3 main principles;
Individual freedom
Prepared environment
Observation
Individual Freedom: Montessori attaches importance to the concept of freedom for children to be self-sufficient and individual. Children have the right to have a free choice within their field. This does not mean that children can do whatever they want. They have the right to choose their own activities and clothes within their field.
Prepared Environment: In the process of realizing the children’s potentials, an environment equipped with rich stimuli is of great importance. They should be able to reach the materials they need in a real environment, which are completely appropriate to their size. The materials are available on low racks to suit their size, so they can provide access independently of an adult. In this environment, children can enjoy learning and exploring through experience. You can also review our “How to create the prepared environment” article.
Observation: It is the duty of the guide to follow the development, interest and ability and the periods of sensitivity of the child. The guide is in a passive role in the child’s development process, only helps while the child is building himself/herself. Other than that, the most important task is to capture the points in the development of the child and establish the correct communication. The child-specific education plan is the result of these observations and evaluations.